The side chains form distinct hydrophobic layers and the polar heads hydrophilic layers, Fig. All crystal structures of hydrophobic amino acids reported to date have the same basic layout. Introduction The crystal structures of hydrophobic amino acids, as chiral substances or racemates, permit systematic investigations of recurring hydrogen bonding patterns due to the absence of side chain functional groups that otherwise could have interfered with the interactions between the charged amino and carboxylate groups. Herein we present the first systematic investigation of hydrogen bonding patterns and crystal packing arrangements of N-alkylated hydrophobic amino acids, including synthesis and single crystal structure determination of five new compounds.
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